From owner-i_see@indiana.edu Wed Mar 29 22:51:38 EST 1995 From: Vic Cinc Subject: more usefull things... Date: Thu, 30 Mar 1995 13:32:57 +1000 (EST) Status: RO X-Status: here is are some helpful eyecharts. you will require a postscript printer. use a photocopier to enlarge or shrink them. or modify the postscript if you know how. have fun. Vic -----%< cut here and feed to printer----------------------------------------- %!PS-Adobe-1.0 /m { moveto } def /f { findfont } def /ff { scalefont setfont } def /s { show } def /ai [ [ (E) (B) (F) (Z) (F) (E) (N) (V) ] [ (E) (A) (N) (M) (W) (H) (X) (S) ] [ (E) (B) (F) (Z) (F) (E) (N) (V) ] [ (E) (F) (K) (R) (P) (B) (K) (X) ] [ (E) (L) (J) (T) (Y) (V) (L) (K) ] [ (E) (R) (D) (H) (C) (G) (O) (F) ] ] def /Helvetica-Bold f 20 ff /line 690 def /Helvetica-Bold f 10 ff /mm { 90 line moveto /i 0 def 0 1 ai length 1 sub { /Helvetica-Bold f 10 i 2 mul add ff /c 90 def c line moveto /j 0 def /b ai i get def /d b length 1 sub def 0 1 d { b j get s /c c 30 add def c line moveto /j j 1 add def } for /Helvetica-Bold f 20 ff 1.0 i 2 mul 10 div add 5 string cvs s /i i 1 add def /line line 20 sub def } for } def mm /line 520 def /i 0 def 1 1 6 { /Helvetica-Bold f 10 i 2 mul add ff 300 line m (T) s 270 line m (P) s 240 line m (F) s 210 line m (Z) s 180 line m (N) s 150 line m (B) s 120 line m (R) s 90 line m (E) s /Helvetica-Bold f 20 ff 330 line m 1.0 i 2 mul 10 div add 5 string cvs s /line line 20 sub def /i i 1 add def } for /Helvetica-Bold f 10 ff 0 1 20 { 0 0 moveto gsave 0 1 20 { 15 0 translate 75 50 m gsave rand 4 mod dup 90 mul rotate dup 0 eq { (E) show } if dup 1 eq { gsave 50 -82 moveto (E) show grestore } if dup 2 eq { gsave -82 -57.5 moveto (E) show grestore } if dup 3 eq { gsave -57 75 moveto (E) show grestore } if grestore } for grestore 0 15 translate } for showpage ========================================================================= From owner-i_see@indiana.edu Thu Mar 30 01:23:55 EST 1995 Date: Thu, 30 Mar 1995 16:11:08 +1000 From: r.malingre@qut.edu.au (Rene Malingre) Subject: letters on letter charts Status: RO X-Status: Regarding the letter chart sent by Vic: Some letters are more visible than others; letter charts should contain only letters of approximately equal visibility. An example of an excellent letter chart is a Bailey-Lovie LogMAR chart, available from the National Vision Research Institute (NVRI) in Melbourne, Australia. The only 10 letters used on this chart are D E F H N P R U V Z. They were chosen as they have similar visiblity at the same detail size. The Smith-Kettlewell Institue use the same letters, I believe, for their SKILL card, etc. If you do not use similar visibility letters, your measures of acuity will change according to the combination of letters you place on each line. Rene ========================================================================= From owner-i_see@indiana.edu Thu Mar 30 03:25:34 EST 1995 From: Vic Cinc Subject: letters on letter charts (fwd) Date: Thu, 30 Mar 1995 18:20:32 +1000 (EST) Status: RO X-Status: Forwarded message: >Regarding the letter chart sent by Vic: > >Some letters are more visible than others; letter charts should >contain only letters of approximately equal visibility. >An example of an excellent letter chart is a Bailey-Lovie >LogMAR chart, available from the National Vision Research >Institute (NVRI) in Melbourne, Australia. > >The only 10 letters used on this chart are D E F H N P R U V Z. >They were chosen as they have similar visiblity at the same >detail size. The Smith-Kettlewell Institue use the same letters, >I believe, for their SKILL card, etc. > >If you do not use similar visibility letters, your measures of >acuity will change according to the combination of letters you >place on each line. thanx for that info. here is a new and improved version to generate new charts just change the number 758 to anything you like. the first letter of the random chart is always the same to give you a starting point. Vic ----%< cut here and feed to printer------------------------------------------ %!Adobe-PS-1.0 758 srand %% modify 758 to generate a different chart /m { moveto } def /f { findfont } def /ff { scalefont setfont } def /s { show } def /ai [(E) (D) (F) (H) (N) (P) (R) (U) (V) (Z)] def /Helvetica-Bold f 20 ff /line 690 def /Helvetica-Bold f 10 ff /mm { 90 line moveto /i 0 def 0 1 5 { /Helvetica-Bold f 10 i 2 mul add ff /c 90 def c line moveto /l ai length def ai { /aa rand l 1 sub mod 1 add def /bb rand l 1 sub mod 1 add def /tmp ai aa get def ai aa ai bb get put ai bb tmp put } forall /j 0 def /d ai rand ai length mod def 0 1 l 1 sub { ai j get s /c c 30 add def c line moveto /j j 1 add def } for /Helvetica-Bold f 20 ff 1.0 i 2 mul 10 div add 5 string cvs s /i i 1 add def /line line 20 sub def } for } def mm ai { /aa rand l mod def /bb rand l mod def /tmp ai aa get def ai aa ai bb get put ai bb tmp put } forall /line 520 def /i 0 def 1 1 6 { 90 line moveto /j 0 def /Helvetica-Bold f 10 i 2 mul add ff ai { 90 j 30 mul add line moveto ai j get s /j j 1 add def } forall /Helvetica-Bold f 20 ff 90 j 30 mul add line moveto 1.0 i 2 mul 10 div add 5 string cvs s /line line 20 sub def /i i 1 add def } for /Helvetica-Bold f 10 ff 0 1 20 { 0 0 moveto gsave 0 1 20 { 15 0 translate 75 50 m gsave rand 4 mod dup 90 mul rotate dup 0 eq { (E) show } if dup 1 eq { gsave 50 -82 moveto (E) show grestore } if dup 2 eq { gsave -82 -57.5 moveto (E) show grestore } if dup 3 eq { gsave -57 75 moveto (E) show grestore } if grestore } for grestore 0 15 translate } for showpage ========================================================================= From owner-i_see@indiana.edu Tue Mar 28 04:41:35 EST 1995 From: Vic Cinc Subject: New visual secret... Date: Tue, 28 Mar 1995 19:35:24 +1000 (EST) Status: RO X-Status: hi all. here is a section from the latest version of the FAQ. Since I have been getting amazing results, I think it is worthwhile posting this here first, so people can play with it before the new release of the FAQ Almost everyone has some degree of astigmatism, as no eye is perfectly round. So if you have any noticeable astigmatism which the following will highlight then you can use it to your advantage to gain overall clearer sight. all comments appreciated. have fun Vic ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- [9.21] What is the astigmatic mirror? It is an indispensible tool for eliminating astigmatism. Send the following program to a postscript printer. ------%<--------cut here ------------------------------------ /ZZ { 0 30 moveto 0 250 rlineto 4 setlinewidth stroke } def gsave 300 400 translate 40 -1 0 { ZZ 10 rotate } for showpage grestore ------%<--------cut here ------------------------------------ If you dont have access to a postscript printer, then follow these instructions, else skip over the next paragraph. You will need an A4 sheet of paper, a ruler, a protractor, a compass, a pencil and a 0.2mm black marker. Find the center of the paper, and using a pencil and compass draw a circle almost as large as the paper (diameter 20cm) with the center of the circle at the center of the paper. Draw another smaller circle from the same central point about radius 1cm. Then draw a line cutting the large cirle in two, but not crossing over the inner small circle. ie Leave the inner small circle blank. Then divide the two pies wedges you have in two again. Again not drawing inside the inner circle. Now you have 4 pie shapes. Then divide each of these in two again, so you have eight wedges, and then again so you have 16 and then more one final time. So you have a spoke about every 10 degrees. The result looks like a bicycle wheel. Now using your marker draw over the spokes of the wheel with nice sharp dark black lines, make sure all the lines are the same darkness. Now you have your black on white wheel. Use a bright yellow and bright orange fluoro highlighter. The colours aren't important and you can even just leave it black and white. Outline each spoke of the wheel with the orange highlighter and fill in the gaps between spokes with yellow. Leave the inner circle white. Later you can experiment and choose colours that pleases you. The bright colours are usefull cause they attract the mind, and stimulate all the visual meridians. So now you have a picture of what looks like the iris of the eye. Place it on a window at eye height, and get back far enough so you can still make out most of the lines with your glasses/contacts off. Okay Look at the lines near the center. What do you notice? If you are astigmatic you will notice that some of the lines are darker in some directions than others. Get used to the wheel for a little while and experiment with it. Try tilting your hear or looking at it sideways. Try looking around the inner or outer circle. Try just staring blankly past the wheel. Notice what happens in each case. Try blinking or yawning. Try palming for a minute or two. Try covering each eye with a hand quickly to see what the difference is between your eyes. If you a "typical" astigmatic, you may the lines near the horizontal are clearer and darker than the lines vertically. You may also find the lines near the horizontal are spaced further apart and the vertical spaced closer together. You might also find the inner circle in not quite round. Try looking at it with your glasses on. If your glasses fully correct astigmatism, then *all* the lines should be the same darkness and distance apart. If your glasses do not correct the astigmatism properly than you will still see some lines darker than others. [9.22] How do I use the astigmatic mirror to reduce astigmatism? The astigmatic mirror gives you a direct and accurate record of your condition. You can use it as a direct feedback device, a mirror in which any changes you can make and learn to make will be instantly displayed. Say you find the lines that are horizontal to be darker. Your aim is to make the vertical lines darker. So begin by removing any glasses/contacts, relaxing and taking a few deep breaths. Blinking naturaly and breathing normaly, find the line which is the faintest, and move your eye slowly and deliberatly up and down that line, imagining it to be getting darker and darker. Tell your self to relax, relax. And imagine that line to be getting darker and darker. The key is to _relax_ your eye has much as you can. You may want to start by massaging around the eye, and maybe doing a couple of minutes of palming. With a bit of practice you will be able to make the lines in any orientation darker than the rest, but your goal is to make them _all_ equally dark. If you are myopic its worthwhile to place your wheel on a window, as you get a lot of contrast between the black and fluoro colours of your wheel, and also you can check out the window to see what effect playing with the wheel is having on your vision. Its also _very_ worthwhile putting one up at work and at home and whenever you get a break you can play with it and see what happens. The astigmatic mirror allows you to leverage your own visual distortion to work for your benefit. ========================================================================= From owner-i_see@indiana.edu Mon May 22 20:27:51 EST 1995 Date: Mon, 22 May 1995 20:17:38 -0500 (EST) From: Alex Eulenberg Subject: Make your own eye chart! Status: RO X-Status: For those enterprising souls out there who would like to laserprint or draw by hand their own eye chart, here are the specs: Distance (feet) 70 60 50 40 30 20 15 10 7 4 letter ht (mm) 31 27 22 18 13 9 7 4 3 2 letter ht (pt) 88 76 63 50 38 25 19 13 9 5 font size (pt) 152 130 108 87 65 43 33 21 15 9 "Distance" is the distance a "normal" eye is able to read the letter. So if, at 20 feet, you can read the letter of height 22 mm, this means you have 20/50 vision. The font must be Courier (or Courier Bold) in order for the "font size" in points to correspond to the indicated letter height. The I_SEE home page now contains an RTF version of this chart, which only works on Macintosh computers, I am told. There is interest in a postscript chart (and I'm sure a Windows compatible chart as well). Any volunteers? --Alex ========================================================================= From owner-i_see@indiana.edu Fri Sep 22 11:02:06 EST 1995 Date: Fri, 22 Sep 1995 10:10:34 -0500 (EST) From: Alex Eulenberg Subject: Eye Charts, eye charts! Status: RO X-Status: On Fri, 22 Sep 1995, Abigail Fermo Abinoja wrote: >Also, where can I purchase an eye chart? You can get one FREE from The American Association of Ophthalmology 1100 17th St., Washington, D.C. 20036 Or you can download one from the I_SEE home page, Macintosh RTF or PostScript. http://silver.ucs.indiana.edu/~aeulenbe/i_see.html Also, an eye chart or two usually comes with most of the vision improvement books listed in the bibliography at the above site. /Better Eyesight Without Glasses/ comes with a nice big fold-out chart. Another great book with several eye charts (and lots of exercises) is /Total Health at the Computer/ put out by the Cambridge (Massachusetts) Institute for Better Vision. They incidentally sell a wide range of vision improvement tools. Their phone number is (508) 887-3883. I SEE member Robert-Michael Kaplan, author of /Seeing Without Glasses/ (which also contains some eye charts), runs a company called "Beyond 20/20 Vision" which also has a catalog. Email: . --Alex =========================================================================